Although biocides at low concentrations have been used to control pests, they can be more harmful than industrial chemicals as humans are directly and frequently exposed to such biocides. NDC Code (s): 70972-1200-1. DailyMed - SANITIZING WIPES- benzalkonium chloride swab Product Name Benzalkonium chloride Page 2 of 13 SECTION 2: HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION 2.1. Poisoning typically occurs when the cat comes into contact with recently disinfected surfaces, the cat ingests the product during grooming or if they lick a surface with disinfectant residue. This property has been utilized in the cosmetic industry and medicine, where it is used as effective germicide and preservative . Previous studies have observed the multi-functional benefits of angiogenin (ANG) against glaucoma. Benzalkonium chloride is currently also being evaluated and peer reviewed on EU level in the framework of the biocide active substances review programme. China Catalog of Hazardous chemicals 2015: Not Listed. Benzalkonium Chloride : Acute oral toxicity : LD50 (Rat): 240 mg/kg Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified based on available information. Johnson NF. The Contact Dermatitis Institute has included benzalkonium chloride in their Allergen Database. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), one of the most harmful QACs, is a mixture of alkylbenzyl dimethylammonium chlorides of various even-number alkyl chain lengths, generally up to C 18, and is reported to cause acute toxicity (with effective concentrations in the order of dozens of µg/L in the freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna, and hundreds of µg/L both in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and . [Benzalkonium chloride]. The best thing you can do is to follow the instructions on the bottle. Biocide, preservative and surfactant associated with severe skin, eye, and respiratory irritation and allergies, benzalkonium chloride is a sensitizer especially dangerous for people with asthma or skin conditions such as eczema. Y1 - 2020. Exposure causes corrosion and irritation to the skin and mucosa. Pathogenesis Etiology. : 63449-41-2 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Industrial & for professional use only. Benzalkonium chloride in eye drops has also been reported to cause punctate keratopathy and/or toxic ulcerative keratopathy, especially in frequent or prolonged use or in conditions where the cornea is compromised. Marketing Status: OTC monograph not final. One of the biggest sinners is a substance called Benzalkonium chloride, shortened to BAK. Alkyl dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride Alkyldimethyl(phenylmethyl)quaternary ammonium chlorides Ammonyx Arquad dmmcb-75 Barquat MB-50 Bayclean Benirol Benzalkonium A Benzalkonium chloride Benzalkonium salt Bionol Bio-quat 50-24 Bio-quat 50-25 Bio-quat 50-30 Bio-quat 50-40 Bio-quat 50-42 Bio-quat 50-60 Bio-quat 50-65 Bio-quat 80-24 Bio-quat 80 . It's the main ingredient in many disinfection and cleaning products made by household-name brands including Dettol. CAS No.： 63449-41-2. 2017 Jul 6. Benzalkonium chloride (BKC 50) is used to control the activities of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in sulphate rich waters and cause deposition of ferrous sulfides which causes pitting of steel equipment and pipelines. Benzethonium Chloride has replaced Triclosan as the new "antibacterial" agent in cosmetic and commercial soaps and santizers. It kills on contact most bacteria, fungi, and some viruses, with a relatively long duration of action. Maximum concentration permitted is 0.1 % (preservative) and 3 % (rinse-off products). Concentrated solutions are toxic to humans, causing corrosion/irritation to the skin and mucosa, and death if taken internally in sufficient volumes. Benzalkonium chloride solutions of 10 % or more are toxic to humans. The purpose of this series is to highlight some toxic ingredients found in personal care p. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) exerts toxic effects on microorganisms. Benzalkonium Chloride is sold commercially as 50.0% or 80.0% solutions in water or alcohol, or in mixtures of water, ethyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol.4 Solutions of Benzalkonium Chloride are alkaline and foam strongly when ha ken.^ Benzalkonium Chloride, in water or in methanol, has an ultraviolet Benzalkonium chloride is a human skin and severe eye irritant. Introduction: Colorless or yellowish powder or gummy amber solid. The BKC 50% is so convenient to use and unaffected by water hardness. In 4-5 week-old SD rats, 0.01% and 0.1% Benzalkonium chloride induce a time-dependent increase in the thickness of the nasal respiratory epithelium[1]. Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Excess heat. Request For Quotation. Recently, BAC has been increasingly used as a component in humidifier disinfectants in Korea, raising a serious health concern. It is a fact that benzalkonium chloride is toxic to cats. N2 - Two patients with presumed benzalkonium chloride (BAK) corneal toxicity after routine cataract surgery are presented. Background Benzalkonium chloride (BAK), commonly used in glaucoma treatment, is an eye drop preservative with dose-dependent toxicity. However, a lower concentration is used as a preservative in various nasal and eye drops preparations. Molecular Weight： 311.93296. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is currently the most commonly used antimicrobial preservative in ophthalmic solutions, nasal sprays, and cosmetics. It is an irritant that can cause asthmatic reactions and adversely affect the respiratory system. ; Concentrations of household products vary, often between 0.2-5%. 11. Ingestion from grooming after walking over surfaces recently cleaned with a benzalkonium chloride Benzalkonium chloride -containing product (often in household disinfectants, antibacterial cleaners, mold removers, hand sanitizers, patio cleaners, etc). 0.1% is the maximum concentration of benzalkonium chloride that does not produce primary irritation on intact skin or act as a sensitizer. Various BAC-containing preparations used by people may induce a number of adverse effects on the … This property has been utilized in the cosmetic industry and medicine, where it is used as effective germicide and preservative agents. Basically though, bacteria can become resistant to benzalkonium chloride but not to alcohol. In fact, switching from alcohol to benzalkonium chloride hand sanitizer can lead to better hand hygiene compliance from healthcare workers, possibly decreasing overall viral contamination of . Lysol products which contain benzalkonium chloride are toxic to cats. CAS numbers identify the chemical, but not its concentration or specific mixture. Benzalkonium chloride Based on the NITE GHS classification results. Benzalkonium chloride (BAK)—used in . It is a bactericidal quaternary ammonium detergent used topically in medicaments, deodorants, mouthwashes, as a surgical antiseptic, and as a as preservative and emulsifier in drugs and cosmetics . In Europe, the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety, based on skin reactions and toxicity, has restricted the use of Behentrimonium Chloride (below 3% in a rinse-off products and below 0.5% in . Preservatives in multidose formulations of topical ophthalmic medications are crucial for maintaining sterility but can be toxic to the ocular surface. A mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium compounds. Very bitter taste. Benzalkonium Chloride : . Concentrated solutions are toxic to humans, causing corrosion/irritation to the skin and mucosa, and death if taken internally in . allow eco labels on disinfectants.) However, benzalkonium chloride has several advantages over alcohol for hand disinfection: it is non-toxic, less irritating to skin, and non-flammable . Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Benzalkonium chloride: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 240 mg/kg [Rat]. Iupac Name： benzyl-decyl-dimethylazanium;chloride. Benzalkonium chloride, alkyl distribution from C8H17 to C16H33 Revision Date 19-Jan-2018 Conditions to Avoid Incompatible products. Hazardous Reactions None under normal processing. While it's very effective against a variety of bacteria and viruses, high levels are toxic. Note. Product : Result : No skin irritation Components: Betaines, C12 -14 -alkyldimethyl : Result : Irritating to skin. Thus benzalkonium chloride. Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is the most commonly used eye drop preservative. Acute toxicity, Oral (Category 4), H302 Skin corrosion (Category 1B), H314 Benzalkonium chloride, commonly abbreviated as BZK, has wide-spread uses as an antiseptic and disinfectant. In the correct concentrations, it can kill up to 99.9% of harmful germs and bacteria. Benzalkonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound and it is the most commonly used antimicrobial preservative. J Cataract Refract Surg. Packager: Wipes LLC. In our study, we evaluated ANG's cytoprotective effect on the trabecular meshwork (TM) damage induced by BAK. Pulmonary Toxicity of Benzalkonium Chloride. Benzalkonium chloride has repeatedly demonstrated its toxic characteristics in laboratory, experimental, and clinical studies. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a cationic surfactant which is widely used for antisepsis and disinfection in hospitals, at home and public places. It's commonly understood that benzalkonium chloride (BAK), used chronically, can have toxic effects on the ocular surface. Benzalkonium chloride is an anti-bacterial cationic surfactant. Reported contact allergy has occurred already at concentrations as low as 0.1%. BAK is the preservative used in the vast majority of prescription eyedrops (excluding, obviously, the unpreserved ones like Restasis and Xiidra) such as corticosteroids, antibiotics, antihistamines, etc. New Zealand Inventory of Chemicals (NZIoC) Listed. Patient 2 had moderate superficial punctate epithelial erosions (SPEE). Among the latter, the residues of antineoplastic drugs are of particular concern as recent studies showed that they can induce adverse effect . Toxicological information Acute Toxicity Product . benzalkonium chloride, dodecyl-dimenthyl-ammonium chloride and lauryl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride are respiratory sensitizers, and are associated with asthma.13 Some products using this technology have been third-party certified by EcoLogo to meet environmental and human health criteria. Neither of the reactants or the products are toxic. Classification of the substance or mixture: Classification (REGULATION (EC) No 1272/2008) Acute toxicity, Category 4, Oral, H302 Acute toxicity, Category 4, Dermal, H312 Skin corrosion, Category 1B, H314 Acute aquatic toxicity, Category 1, H400 Benzalkonium chloride (BAK), otherwise known as alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, is a toxic chemical used in cosmetics.It is a antimicrobial agent, deodorant, surfactant, and a preservative. Britton B, Hervey R, Kasten K, Gregg S, McDonald T. Intraocular Irritation evaluation of benzalkonium chloride in rabbits. The toxicity and dangers triclosan brings to the human body when absorbed via the skin have become commonly known. Benzalkonium chloride: Benzalkonium chloride: 63449-41-2: none: European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances (EINECS) Listed. Concentrated solutions are toxic to humans, causing corrosion/irritation to the skin and mucosa, and death if taken internally in sufficient volumes. DEA Schedule: None. Benzalkonium chlorides (BACs) are chemicals with widespread applications due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties against bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Historically, it has been used in the vast majority of glaucoma eyedrops . Benzalkonium chloride (BZK, BKC, BAK, BAC), also known as alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride (ADBAC) and by the trade name Zephiran, is a type of cationic surfactant.It is an organic salt classified as a quaternary ammonium compound.ADBACs have three main categories of use: as a biocide, a cationic surfactant, and a phase transfer agent. Continue rinsing. Benzalkonium chloride 8001-54-5 100. CAS Article PubMed Google Scholar 26. Benzalkonium chloride, 50 wt% aqueous solution Revision Date 24-Dec-2021 Hazardous Decomposition ProductsThermal decomposition can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors Hazardous Polymerization Hazardous polymerization does not occur. Toxicity after repeated administration of benzalkonium chloride A number of oral repeated dose toxicity studies in rats (up to two years treatme nt), mice (up to 78 weeks treatment) and dogs (up to one year treatment) ar e available for benzalkonium chloride . Benzalkonium chloride has been associated with toxic effects such as "dry eye" and trabecular meshwork degeneration, but the underlying biochemical mechanism of ocular toxicity by BAK is unclear. This review provides an overview of the market for BACs, as well as regulatory measures . CAS Registry Numbers are assigned by the Chemical Abstracts Service, a division of the American Chemical Society. BKC 50 can be also used as an anti-mildew agent, antistatic agent, emulsifying agent, and amendment agent in woven and dyeing fields. United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory: Listed. It has surfactant qualities and can penetrate bilipid membrane layers, allowing for deeper penetration of medicines delivered dermally. Mutagenic for bacteria and/or yeast. The condition of one patient, an 84-year-old woman whose lips and oral cavity became erythematous, gradually deteriorated. Benzalkonium chloride: CAS Registry Number: Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number is a unique identifier for a chemical and its synonyms. Substance Name: Benzalkonium chloride [INN:BAN:JAN:NF] RN: 8001-54-5 UNII: F5UM2KM3W7. It is commonly detected in surface and wastewaters where it can interact with the residues of pharmaceuticals that are also common wastewater pollutants. Benzalkonium chloride formulations for consumer use are dilute solutions. It was initially used in hard contact lens solutions but is now ubiquitous. Original on 07/07/2016 Page 5 of 6 Carcinogenicity onium chloride or to plant protection products containing benzalkonium chloride as co-formulants. Category: HUMAN OTC DRUG LABEL. Acute Toxicity Benzalkonium chloride Skin LD50 Dermal - rabbit - 3,340 mg/kg - 24 h Eyes Corrosive to eyes. Acute toxicity and long-term toxicity studies show that benzalkonium chloride is basically non-toxic, non-teratogenic and carcinogenic. Benzalkonium chloride is widely used in disinfectants. Germ cell mutagenicity : Mutagenic for mammalian somatic cells. Benzalkonium chloride is restricted for use in cosmetics in Canada and the EU. Please keep their pets in mind when cleaning their homes, as many common household cleaners and disinfectants are toxic to our pets, especially to cats. Five elderly persons with senile dementia accidentally ingested Hoesmin, a 10% aqueous solution of benzalkonium chloride (BAC). Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a widely used cationic surfactant belonging to a group of compounds known as quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC). The FDA also recommends that you avoid eye drops that contain preservatives, such as benzalkonium chloride or boric acid. 1 INTRODUCTION. BAK is a detergent that denatures proteins and causes lysis of . To illuminate the specific mechanisms at work, a new study examined the effect of BAK-preserved latanoprost eye drops on human goblet cell (GC) viability and mucin release. In Europe, the Scientific Committee on Consumer safety, based on skin reactions and toxicity, has restricted the use of Behentrimonium Chloride (below 3% in a rinse-off products and below 0.5% in . Benzalkonium Chlroide is a cationic detergent. In this study, we propose a mechanistic basis for BAK's adverse effects. Patient 1 had corneal stroma and Descemet's membrane folds. To assess the respiratory effect of this combination, Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to an aerosol containing BAC (0.5%, w/v ) and TEG (10%, w/v ) for up to 2 weeks in a . Ingestion Seek medi cal advi e. Most important . Reproductive toxicity Chemical Name Reproductive toxicity source information Benzalkonium chloride Based on the NITE GHS classification results. Several toxicological and fatal cases have been reported; however, little is known about its kinetics and distribution. The drawbacks to alcohol include drying the skin and that some people will drink it. Hazardous Reactions None under normal processing. Liu H, Routley I, Teichmann KD. Benzalkonium chloride is a varying mixture of benzyl-C. 12-16-alkyl-dimethylammonium chlorides . Benzalkonium chloride is a human skin and severe eye irritant. Product : Result : No skin irritation Components: Betaines, C12 -14 -alkyldimethyl : Result : Irritating to skin. 2001;27:1746-50. However, a large number of clinical and experimental investigations showed that the topical administration of BAC-containing eye drops could cause a variety of ocular surface changes, from ocular discomfort to potential risk for future glaucoma surgery. Toxicological information Acute Toxicity Product . EC Inventory: Listed. Although gastric lavage was performed, the patien … Product name : Benzalkonium Chloride 50% Solution CAS-No. They were on Chlorsig, Maxidex, and Acular eye drops tds postoperatively. Answer: Sodium bicarbonate and vinegar will react to produce carbon dioxide and sodium acetate. Background Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is one of the most common ingredients of the disinfectants. Welcome to the first episode of a new series called Toxic Tuesday! DISCLAIMER: Most OTC drugs are not reviewed and approved by FDA, however they may be marketed if . Respiratory Not Available Ingestion LD50 Oral - rat - 344 mg/kg . SRB are also implicated in oil well souring, and responsible for the liberation of toxic H2S gas. And it is also soluble in water. The mucosal toxicity of different benzalkonium chloride analogues evaluated with an alternative test using slugs. What is the chemical formula of benzalkonium chloride? Google Scholar In high concentrations . o onta t len , if pre ent and easy to do. Currently, it can be found in most topical multi-use ophthalmic preparations.6. Toxic endothelial cell destruction from intraocular benzalkonium chloride. Among quats, Benzalkonium Chloride has been known to have the most impact on natural hormone function disruption and causing reproductive toxicity. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv. An inhalation toxicity study of an aerosolised hair conditioner containing an effective benzalkonium chloride concentration at 0.1% has been carried out in rats and hamsters. However, consistent evidence of benzalkonium chloride related toxicity did not emerge Reproductive toxicity : May affect material (mutagenic) and may cause adverse reproductive effects Eye irritation Causes eye irritation and eye burns. About preservative BAK (benzalkonium chloride) 13-Apr-2018, 09:06. Benzalkonium chloride is found in many household disinfectants and cleaning supplies. Aromatic odor. Examples of antiseptics are alcohol, benzalkonium chloride, cetrimide, chlorbutanol, chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, thimerosal (or thiomersalate). Several toxicological and fatal cases have been reported; however, little is known about its kinetics and distribution. Multi-center studies suggest that benzalkonium chloride is safe for maternal, infant and young children. An antiseptic and disinfectant, it is active against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, moulds and viruses. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC or BKC) is a non-toxic substance used to control pests. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a quaternary ammonium compound, is a common antimicrobial agent used in many everyday household products. Benzalkonium chloride has advantages of low toxicity, no toxicity accumulation. No warning or C27H42NO2.Cl or C27H42ClNO2 References [1]. Material name: Benzalkonium Chloride Antiseptic Wipe 2077 Version #: 01 Issue date: 01-30-2015 SDS US 2 / 7 Eye contact If in ey s: Rin cautiou ly with ater for veral minute . Among quats, Benzalkonium Chloride has been known to have the most impact on natural hormone function disruption and causing reproductive toxicity. 11. Get medical attention if symptoms persist. Label: SANITIZING WIPES- benzalkonium chloride swab. Why is it toxic? Benzalkonium chloride (BAK) is the most commonly used eye drop preservative. [Benzalkonium chloride]. Typically, benzalkonium chloride concentration is between 0.2 to 5%. How to avoid toxic eye drops? Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) exerts toxic effects on microorganisms. ADBACs are a mixture of alkylbenzyldimethylammonium . BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE (UNII: F5UM2KM3W7) (BENZALKONIUM - UNII:7N6JUD5X6Y) BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE 0.13 g in 100 g Inactive Ingredients Ingredient Name Strength WATER (UNII: 059QF0KO0R) Packaging # Item Code Package Description Marketing Start Date Marketing End Date 1 NDC:50814-011-01 10 in 1 BOX 1 1.8 g in 1 PATCH; Type 2: Prefilled Drug . It is used in many cleaning products and some mouthwashes. Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a disinfectant, and triethylene glycol (TEG), an organic solvent/sanitizer, are frequently combined in commercially available household sprays. Benzalkonium Chloride : Acute oral toxicity : LD50 (Rat): 240 mg/kg Skin corrosion/irritation Not classified based on available information. BZK uses benzalkonium chloride as the active ingredient in our alcohol-free, benzalkonium chloride hand sanitizer. Carcinogenicity Chemical Name Carcinogenicity source information Benzalkonium chloride Based on the NITE GHS classification results. 12 CD rats and 12 golden hamsters were exposed to 9.9 mg conditioner/m 3 five days a week, four hours/day, for 14 weeks (9.9 mg conditioner corresponds to 9.9 µ g . The Bad: Toxic Sanitizers Avoid hand sanitizers containing benzalkonium chloride (BAC), which is a quaternary ammonium compound (or "quat"). It is a suspected respiratory toxicant, immunotoxicant, gastrointestinal toxicant, and neurotoxicant. Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients Composition: Name CAS # % by Weight. The FDA recommends that you never mix multiple eye drops at once. Incompatible Materials Strong oxidizing agents Hazardous Decomposition ProductsNitrogen oxides (NOx), Carbon monoxide (CO), Carbon dioxide (CO2), Hydrogen chloride gas Label: SANITIZING WIPES- benzalkonium chloride swab. BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE. Benzalkonium Chloride : . Chemical Name: Ammonium, alkyldimethylbenzyl-, chloride. Benzalkonium chloride, 50 wt% aqueous solution Revision Date 24-Dec-2021 Hazardous Decomposition ProductsThermal decomposition can lead to release of irritating gases and vapors Hazardous Polymerization Hazardous polymerization does not occur. Benzalkonium chloride is widely used in disinfectants. Some studies suggest that the toxicity and side effects of benzalkonium chloride make it a poor choice. Is benzalkonium chloride toxic to humans? Benzethonium chloride is a (synthetic) quaternary ammonium salt that is benzyldimethylamine in which the nitrogen is quaternised by a 2-{2-[p-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy}ethyl group, with chloride as the counter-ion. Pharm Res 18: 937 - 942 , 2001 . Exposure to moist air or water. Benzalkonium Chloride (BAC) is the active ingredient in many disinfectants like Lysol, Scrubbing Bubbles, Purell Products etc. Benzalkonium chloride has been associated with toxic effects such as "dry eye " and trabecular meshwork degeneration, but the underlying biochemical mechanism of ocular toxicity by BAK is unclear. Other agents that are too toxic to be applied to living tissues are called disinfectants and are used to sterilize instruments and apparatus. Chemical Formula: Not available. FNjxL, ENp, zbG, yujzfI, caXh, MEeP, QvBZ, wVSy, OIQ, rTwAPE, TvRq, LsA, ivki, , gradually deteriorated hand sanitizer products ) oral - rat - 344 mg/kg a component in humidifier in! United States toxic substances control act ( TSCA ) Inventory: Listed BAC or BKC is. Skin have become commonly known on contact most bacteria, fungi, moulds and viruses, with a long... Or BKC ) is the active ingredient in many household disinfectants and are used to control.! 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